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Enkomputiligis Don HARLOW |
Pronounce c like ts in its, rats; never like s or k.
| celo = aim | dancas = dances |
| Decembro = December | cent = hundred |
The present tense of the verb always ends in -as. There is no distinction of person or number, except the noun or pronoun to which it refers.
| mi estas = I am |
| li estas = he is |
| ŝi estas = she is |
| ĝi estas = it is |
| ni estas = we are |
| vi estas = you are |
| ili estas = they are |
| mi parolas, li parolas, kaj la viroj parolas = I speak, he speaks and the men speak |
The infinitive form of the verb has the ending i. All verbs will hereafter be given in the infinitive form.
| esti = to be | kuri = to run |
| iri = to go | dormi = to sleep |
Pronounce g like g in get; also before e and i.
| genuo = knee | tago = day |
| ganto = glove | legi = to read |
Pronounce ĵ like s in pleasure.
| ĵurnalo = journal | ĵeti = to throw |
| ne = no, not |
| li estas sana = he is well (healthy) |
| li ne estas sana = he is not healthy |
The adverb ne is usually put before the verb, unless used to emphasize some other word.
| sed = but | alia = other another |
| ne li estas mia frato, sed la alia viro = not he is my brother, but the other man (is) |
Pronounce ĥ like German or Scottish ch; the use of this sound is very rare.
| eĥo = echo | monaĥo = monk |
The letter ŭ is pronounced as w in English and is used to form diphthongs. Pronounce aŭ like ow in how; ŭ like eyw in they were (but without the y sound).
| hodiaŭ = today | Eŭopo = Europe |
| baldaŭ = soon | neŭtrala = neutral |
| aŭ = or | naŭ = nine |
This concludes the pronunciation. All other letters: b d f h k l m n p r t v and z, are pronounced like in English. Esperanto has no q w x or y. There are no silent letters; each letter is pronounced fully.
| knabo = boy (k'nabo) | knoto = knot (nautical) |
| dimanĉo = Sunday | ĵaŭdo = Thursday |
| lundo = Monday | vendredo = Friday |
| mardo = Tuesday | sabato = Saturday |
| merkredo = Wednesday | semajno = week |
| vetero = weather | laca = tired |
| devi = ought | laŭta = loud |
| brili = to shine | kial = why |
| ankaŭ = also | ankoraŭ = yet, still |
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Mi iras hodiaŭ. Li ne iras hodiaŭ, sed la alia viro iras. Vi aŭ mi, unu devas labori. La knabo dormas; li estas mia frato. Hodiaŭ estas dimanĉo. La vetero estas agrabla kaj la suno brilas. La sep tagoj de la semajno. La eĥo estas tie tre laŭta. I am neutral. Today is Thursday. Where is the other book? It is not there. Why are you tired? I am not tired. You are still young. The boy is my brother. |